"When is there going to be a cure for multiple sclerosis?” That's a question I'm asked frequently by my patients. I answer that question by explaining that we first need to prevent any further attacks on the central nervous system and reverse or repair existing damage. Multiple sclerosis (MS) attacks the myelin coating—the fatty insulation—on nerves. When the myelin sheath is damaged, the nerve no longer conducts electricity effectively, and over time the nerve “wire” itself can be destroyed.
Over the past three decades, researchers have developed drugs that are pretty good at stopping attacks and even slowing progression, but none of our existing disease-modifying therapies can repair what has already been lost. But the nervous system can naturally repair myelin and restore nerves, so scientists are exploring ways to enhance these natural mechanisms as well as introduce new ones. I like to think of it as repaving the information highways in the brain and spinal cord. In any case, this is the next great frontier of MS research, and as we explain in “Can Myelin Repair Lead to the Reversal of Multiple Sclerosis?" scientists are beginning to test strategies that might promote remyelination and nerve preservation that will make curing MS a reality in the near future.
As patients wait for these promising therapies, they must do all they can to continue preserving nerve function. They can do this by staying healthy and practicing self-care. An important component of self-care is exercise. It remains one of the very best strategies for maintaining physical, mental, and emotional fitness. It worked for Tanya Farmer, who says that after eight weeks of regular workouts and weight training, her muscle spasms were less frequent and less severe. Best of all, the waves of depression she experienced after she was diagnosed began to dissipate. The author of our Speak Up essay, AK Marrian, says running has been instrumental in helping her deal with her anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Although summer is a favorite season for many people, those with MS, who are often sensitive to heat, may find it challenging. Hot and humid weather can increase symptoms and decrease function. It's important to remember that heat doesn't cause more nerve damage, but it can temporarily short-circuit the conduction of nerve impulses. Check out our Healthy Living department for some tips on beating the heat and for some yummy no-cook meals. You'll also find helpful advice for saving money on prescription drugs.
During my career as an MS specialist, I have seen extraordinary advances in the development of treatments for this disease. I know that the next generation of exciting therapeutics is not too far off. Let's use what we've learned to stay fit and healthy until then.
Barbara S. Giesser, MD, FAAN, FANA, Issue Editor
